Types of therapies

According to the National counseling society we have these types of therapies.

Behavioral therapy:

Behavioral therapy focus on that you can shift that behavior without concentrating on the cause of the original one. People with obsessive problems, phobias and dependence on something may get advantage from this therapy.

Family therapy:

Family therapy investigates family relationships. It acts on the whole family not every single member.  The center of attraction is how families communicate and they therapist's goal is to include the whole family in finding good solutions. It needs an expert training.

Hypnotherapy:

Hypnotherapy uses the methods of unconsciousness to activate a deep state of relaxation during which the senseless mind is highly accepted to new ideas. Entering this part of unconsciousness can help change behavior, beliefs, stress related sickness and bad life style, including encouraging personal development.

Cognitive analytical therapy:

This is an example of combinatory approach. It is a short term therapy that investigate the client's language and thinking that what make it directive therapy and link between factors that may affect such as social, culture or historical factors. So this therapy encourages the client to achieve skills to stop destructive and negative patterns and way of thinking.

Cognitive behavioral therapy:

It is the treatment of choice for symptoms of anxiety and depression. It teaches the client to use coping strategies in the future to change and challenge unhelpful thoughts and beliefs. Also people who suffer from obsessive disorders, fears and phobias tend to benefit from this therapy.

National counseling society. (2018). types of    therapy.Retrieved April, 17, 2018 from http://www.nationalcounsellingsociety.prg/find-counsellor/types-of-therapy/

Counseling: Healing Body, Mind and Spirit!

The results of the interview done suggest that counseling can have an important influence on the application patterns of college students. The study area was the OMEC educational center,  It was recommended with doctors that guidance programs should be seriously included in the curriculum of our  college and a full time counselors should be appointed in each school to address the existing of students. In addition to that 60% of students improved their college life, and it was easier for them to find what they want from counselors help.

Nowadays university and school students are facing serious social and psychological problems that 

threatens their confidence, health, spirit and psychology due to stress and depression caused by 

exams, assignments and doctors. Unfortunately many students fail to succeed in many fields due to 

these issues and due to the fail of our educational systems to provide appropriate strategies to 

decrease the stressful agents and to let students be more comfortable in any situation they are.

Stanford University. (n.d). counseling students. Retrieved April, 17, 2018 from http://www.teachingcommons.stanford.edu/resources/teachingresources/interacting-students/counselling-students/

Maintaining Gut Flora

In order to gain all the health benefits associated with gut bacteria especially those related to brain function, the population of gut bacteria should be maintained and protected from disturbances.

First, a balanced and healthy diet should be adopted. Traditional diets such as Japanese and Mediterranean diets are a good example. These diets are characterized by higher intakes of fruits and vegetables, fish and seafood, cereals with limited processing, fiber,

fermented foods, and only modest amounts of dairy and lean meats compared to Westernized diets.

Second, dietary fibers occur naturally in fruits, vegetables, leeks, asparagus, chicory, Jerusalem artichokes, garlic, onions, wheat, oats, and soybeans, and these fibers are also considered as prebiotics. 

Cryan, J. F., & Dinan, T. G. (2012). Mind-altering microorganisms: the impact of the gut microbiota on brain and behaviour. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 13(10), 701-712.

AUTISM

Autism is a developmental disorder that appears in the first three years of life and is characterized by impairment in social and communication skills in addition to the presence of limited, stereotyped and repetitive behaviors. Late onset autism is thought to be caused by excessive and extensive intake of antibiotics with an association with Trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole antibiotic treatment. There is evidence that supports alterations of the fecal microbiota in patients with autism, with an increase in several subtypes of hakur. Treatment of these patients with vancomycin, an antibiotic that targets gram positive bacteria, can improve symptoms, and the relapse after completion of this treatment is thought to be due to Clostridium spores, so the treatment that targets these spores alleviates symptoms for longer periods.

Furthermore, alterations in the gut bacteria that increases the species Clostridia, Desulfovibrio, and Bacteroidetes, which produce large amounts of propionic acid (PPA) and other short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) including acetate and butyrate, each of which are major metabolic products following fermentation of dietary carbohydrates and some amino acids by gut bacteria, may also participate the development of autism.

Thakur, A. K., Shakya, A., Husain, G. M., Emerald, M., & Kumar, V. Gut-Microbiota and Mental Health: Current and Future Perspectives. J Pharmacol, 2(1), 1016. 

 the relationship between teachers and students:

The teacher in the east is seen as auto rotation, thus learning happens in one way direction leading to a less interactive class and students misunderstanding because of

the very boring class. Although teachers are revered and respected there is a lack of openness and fairness between the teacher and the students.

In Lebanon schools, most of the teachers have a very good relationship with their students and this is not from many years ago, we can say that this development in

Lebanon occurred from 10 years before, where before that student didn’t had this positive 

relationship with their teachers because they felt afraid from them.

In Lebanon we can touch the development in encouraging the students by making training courses of the teachers each 4 or 6 months that’s one of its important objective is to train teachers to encourage 
 .students
Abou Assali, M. (2012), “Education for Social Cohesion in Lebanon: The education reform
experiment in the wake of the Lebanese civil war”. in Shuayb, M. ed (2012) Rethinking

Education for Social Cohesion: International case studies, London: Palgrave McMillan.

the way of assessing students in east and west schools: 

 In the East, the main focus of teaching is on assessing students by exams and grad.in eastern school's students got knowledge by memorizing facts that the teacher learns them, but this type of knowledge is forgotten after a short period of time since it depends on memorizing the concept without deep understanding. There is a lack of efficiency in applying, analyzing while solving the problem. Certificates and high scores and grades are the main outcome and the only thing that assess eastern 

student.

Western system takes a different approach which education aim is for deeper understanding of        concept, students are encouraged for making mistakes since they believe that mistakes help students to build themselves by learning what is their mistake? and how to solve it? The wrong is not making mistakes the wrong is not to think at all. The system focuses on honing skills and promotes using 

logical thinking, discussion and research work. 

Hassan, A. (2007, augest). Approaches & Values in Two Gigantic Educational

Philosophies: East and West .

Microchimerism           

Pregnancy results in the transfer of a low number of cells from the fetus to the mother (Dubernard et al., 2009). these cells can persist in maternal blood or tissue for decades ,creating a state of physiological microchimerism in the porous woman.(khosrotehrani et al., 2004).

   II

     Microchimerism result when two genetically disparate population of cells appear in the same tissue, organ or individual.(Leduc et al., 2012)

     Foetal microchimeric cells have been reported to contain progenitor cells.  (castela et al., 2017) including:

·         Lymphoid

·          hematopoietic

·         Mesenchymal

·         Cardiomyocyte

     Foetal cells nest in maternal bone marrow and remain well tolerated by the maternal immune system. (castela et al., 2017).

.     (Bianchi et al., 2004).

     Foetal The fetal cell microchimerism may be relatively common occurrence in women with both autoimmune and non-autoimmune diseases.microchemeric cells are able to differentiate into:

·         Neurons

·         Hepatocytes

·         Endothelial cells

     Maternal skin recruits foetal microchimeric cells through Ccr2 signaling.( castela et al.,2017).

The Ccr2 ligand chemokine ligand 2 (Ccl2) enhance the recruitment of FMCs to maternal wound where these cells transdifferentiate into endothelial cells and stimulate angiogenesis. . (castela et al., 2017).

Microchimerism cells have both advantages and disadvantages on the pregnant women the question here is if we inhabit the production of these cells during pregnancy what will happens to the pregnant women? 

Castela, M; Nassar, D; Sbeih, M; Jachiet, M; Wang, Z; Aractingi, S. (2017).    Ccl2/Ccr2 signalling recruits a distinct fetalmicrochimeric population that rescues delayed maternal wound healing. Natural communication. 8:15463. DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15463.